Enlightenment is dedicated to the discovery, encouragement, publication, and advancement of rational scholars and scholarship focusing on or using the method of objectivity. This site currently publishes six million words of new original research and analysis, and a couple of essential classics too.

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  • academic

    Whose Liberalism? Which Individualism?: Review of Colin Bird's The Myth of Liberal Individualism
    Author: Irfan Khawaja, Subject: Ethics, Politics, Type: Academic, Book Reviews, Graduate, Journal Reprint, Size: 84 K, Date: 2001-8-29

    Churchland Debunked, Commonsense Psychology Vindicated
    Author: Will Wilkinson, Subject: Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Science, Epistemology, Logic, Philosophy of Mind, Psychology, Type: Academic, Graduate, Size: 32 K, Date: 2001-8-28

    Propositions
    Author: Carolyn Ray, Subject: Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Science, Epistemology, Linguistics, Logic, Method, Type: Academic, Annual Meeting, Draft, Size: 54 K, Date: 2001-7-11

    A Lockean Theory of Agency and Rights
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Ethics, Modern Philosophy, Politics, Type: Academic, Course Essay, Graduate, Size: 57 K, Date: 2001-6-6

    Self, Knowledge, and Self-Knowledge in Aristotle
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Ancient Philosophy, Ethics, Psychology, Type: Academic, Course Essay, Graduate, Size: 40 K, Date: 2001-6-6

    The Universality and Employment of Concepts
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Science, Epistemology, Philosophy of Mind, Psychology, Type: Academic, Graduate, Journal Reprint, Size: 88 K, Date: 2001-6-6

    Commentary on Tom Radcliffe and Carolyn Ray's A Conceptualist Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics
    Author: David Ward, Subject: Epistemology, Metaphysics, Method, Philosophy of Science, Physics, Type: Academic, Annual Meeting, Commentary, Draft, Size: 18 K, Date: 2001-5-16

    Objectivity and the Proof of Egoism
    Author: Robert Hartford, Subject: Ethics, Method, Type: Academic, Annual Meeting, Draft, Size: 23 K, Date: 2001-5-15

    Individualism and the Vitality of Community Life
    Author: Tibor Machan, Subject: American Culture, Ethics, Politics, Sociology, Communitarianism, Type: Academic, Annual Meeting, Draft, Size: 36 K, Date: 2001-5-3

    A Conceptualist Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics
    Author: Tom Radcliffe, Carolyn Ray, Subject: Epistemology, Metaphysics, Physics, Type: Academic, Annual Meeting, Draft, Size: 48 K, Date: 2001-4-30

    Understanding Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) From An Objectivist Perspective
    Author: Andrew Breese, Subject: Linguistics, Method, Philosophy of Mind, Psychology, Self Esteem, Sociology, Type: Academic, Annual Meeting, Draft, Life On Earth, Size: 23 K, Date: 2001-4-29

    Transcripts of the First Online Conference
    Author: Bryan Register, Ted O'Connor, Matt Zwolinski, Bryan Register, Chris Sciabarra, Irfan Khawaja, Agnes Koos, Subject: Epistemology, Ethics, Metaphysics, Politics, Type: Academic, Commentary, Draft, Informal, Online Conference, Size: 6 K, Date: 2001-4-21

    Enduring Aristotle’s Dialectic: The Discipline of Non-Contradiction
    Author: Jamie Mellway, Subject: Ancient Philosophy, Epistemology, Logic, Method, Type: Academic, Annual Meeting, Draft, Undergraduate, Size: 20 K, Date: 2001-4-20

    Feminism, Pornography, and Censorship
    Author: David Ward, Subject: American Culture, Ethics, Feminism, Psychology, Self Esteem, Sociology, Type: Academic, Annual Meeting, Size: 29 K, Date: 2001-4-11

    Valuing in Games and Life
    Author: Ted O'Connor, Subject: Ethics, Politics, Sociology, Psychology, Economics, Type: Academic, Annual Meeting, Undergraduate, Size: 12 K, Date: 2001-4-8

    Eudaimonia in Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics
    Author: Carolyn Ray, Subject: Ancient Philosophy, Ethics, Type: Academic, Commentary, Course Essay, Graduate, Size: 30 K, Date: 2001-3-5

    An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
    Author: John Locke, Subject: Epistemology, Metaphysics, Type: Academic, Book, Size: 6 K, Date: 2001-3-2

    Metaphysics
    Author: Aristotle, Subject: Ancient Philosophy, Metaphysics, Type: Academic, Book, Size: 0 K, Date: 2001-2-28

    Economic Man, Minimal Benevolence, and the Inadequacy of the Preference Satisfaction Theory of Well-Being
    Author: Neil Haddow, Subject: Ethics, economics, Type: Academic, Graduate, Size: 49 K, Date: 2001-2-27

    Distorted Memories Cause Problems for Locke's Self-Same Theory of Personal Identity
    Author: Luis Concepcion, Subject: Epistemology, Metaphysics, Philosophy of Mind, Modern Philosophy, Type: Academic, Course Essay, Undergraduate, Size: 13 K, Date: 2001-2-27

    Value and Science
    Author: Agnes Koos, Subject: Epistemology, Ethics, Sociology, Type: Academic, Draft, Online Conference, Size: 52 K, Date: 2001-2-27

    The Form of Experience: The Transcendental Analogy
    Author: Jamie Mellway, Subject: Epistemology, Metaphysics, Method, Logic, Type: Academic, Commentary, Course Essay, Undergraduate, Size: 28 K, Date: 2001-2-16

    Entities, Concepts, and Propositions: A Computational Approach
    Author: Ted O'Connor, Subject: Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Science, Epistemology, Metaphysics, Philosophy of Mind, Computer Science, Type: Academic, Online Conference, Undergraduate, Size: 40 K, Date: 2001-2-11

    Force and Flourishing in the Objectivist Political Philosophy
    Author: Matt Zwolinski, Subject: Politics, Type: Academic, Graduate, Online Conference, Size: 37 K, Date: 2001-2-11

    Direct Reference and the Export Gambit
    Author: Will Wilkinson, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Graduate, Size: 89 K, Date: 2001-1-31

    What is Poetry?
    Author: Tom Radcliffe, Subject: Aesthetics, Type: Academic, Informal, Size: 17 K, Date: 2001-1-28

    Arguments Against Gender Neutral Language: Comment on Ray's "Are Women Men?"
    Author: Tom Radcliffe, Subject: Feminism, Politics, Type: Academic, Commentary, Annual Meeting, Size: 33 K, Date: 2001-1-21

    Friendship in Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics
    Author: Carolyn Ray, Subject: Ethics, Self Esteem, Ancient Philosophy, Type: Academic, Size: 74 K, Date: 2001-1-01

    Reality, Context, and Intentionality: Response to Tom Radcliffe
    Author: Michelle Fram-Cohen, Subject: Linguistics, Type: Academic, Commentary, Size: 7 K, Date: 2000-11-30

    Facts, Concepts, and Truth
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Epistemology, Metaphysics, Type: Academic, Online Conference, Size: 0 K, Date: 2000-11-26

    Spatiotemporal Continuity: Comments on Chapter 8 of Ray's Identity and Universals
    Author: David Ward, Subject: Epistemology, Metaphysics, Type: Academic, Annual Meeting, Commentary, Size: 26 K, Date: 2000-11-25

    Affirmative Action
    Author: David Ward, Subject: Ethics, Feminism, Politics, Type: Academic, Size: 38 K, Date: 2000-11-24

    Fictional Entities: Comment on Radcliffe?s ?Inside the Edge
    Author: David Ward, Subject: Epistemology, Metaphysics, Type: Academic, Annual Meeting, Commentary, Size: 29 K, Date: 2000-11-24

    Sentence Completion in Counseling: Enhancing Self-Esteem
    Author: Walter Foddis, Subject: Psychology, Self Esteem, Type: Academic, Annual Meeting, Size: 43 K, Date: 2000-11-22

    On Ideas As Such: Short Commentary on a Selection from The Critique of Pure Reason, Transcendental Dialectic
    Author: Jamie Mellway, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Annual Meeting, Commentary, Course Essay, Undergraduate, Size: 40 K, Date: 2000-11-22

    On Translation: A Response to Michelle Fram-Cohen
    Author: Tom Radcliffe, Subject: Aesthetics, Linguistics, Philosophy of Mind, Type: Academic, Commentary, Annual Meeting, Size: 19 K, Date: 2000-11-4

    Differential Synthetic Geometry: a Possible Foundation for a Theory of Gravity
    Author: Craig Spencer, Subject: Physics, Mathematics, Type: Academic, Master's Thesis, Size: 2 K, Date: 2000-9-25

    Toward A Logically Consistent Kind of Ethical Egoism
    Author: Neil Haddow, Subject: Ethics, Type: Academic, Size: 97 K, Date: 2000-9-6

    Reality, Language, Translation: What Makes Translation Possible
    Author: Michelle Fram-Cohen, Subject: Linguistics, Type: Academic, Size: 59 K, Date: 2000-8-31

    Exam
    Author: Jamie Mellway, Subject: Medieval Philosophy, Type: Academic, Size: 29 K, Date: 2000-8-28

    Know Thyself
    Author: Jamie Mellway, Subject: Medieval Philosophy, Type: Academic, Size: 30 K, Date: 2000-8-28

    Troubles with Moral Twin Earth
    Author: Neil Haddow, Subject: Ethics, Type: Academic, Master's Thesis, Size: 74 K, Date: 2000-8-23

    Problems with the Theory of Elementary Waves: Conceptualism, Realism, and Experimental Reality
    Author: Tom Radcliffe, Subject: Physics, Type: Academic, Size: 22 K, Date: 2000-8-22

    Comments on Tara Smith'sViable Values
    Author: Irfan Khawaja, Subject: Ethics, Type: Academic, Online Conference, Size: 99 K, Date: 2000-8-15

    Foundationalism: A Direct Realist and Developmental Account
    Author: Stephen Hicks, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Ph.D. Thesis, Size: 1 K, Date: 2000-8-12

    Epistemic Circularity: An Essay on the Problem of Meta-Justification
    Author: Larry Sanger, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Ph.D. Thesis, Size: 1461 K, Date: 2000-8-12

    Opening Remarks for Analytic's discussion of "Edges, Entities, and Existence"
    Author: Carolyn Ray, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Size: 15 K, Date: 2000-8-7

    Egoism in Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics
    Author: Carolyn Ray, Subject: Ethics, Ancient Philosophy, Type: Academic, Graduate, Course Essay, Size: 1 K, Date: 2000-8-5

    Reid Against the Theory of Ideas
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 13 K , Date: 2000-7-24

    Connative Terms, Common Natures, and Intuitive and Abstract Cognition
    Author: Jamie Mellway, Subject: Medieval Philosophy, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Course Essay, Size: 36 K, Date: 2000-8-6

    Inside the Edge: Justified Reification of Actions
    Author: Tom Radcliffe, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Size: 1 K, Date: 2000-8-6

    Augustine's City of God Book XIX.3-18, 24-8
    Author: Jamie Mellway, Subject: Medieval Philosophy, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Course Essay, Size: 26 K, Date: 2000-8-6

    Edges, Entities, and Existence: An Epistemological Excursion
    Author: Carolyn Ray, Tom Radcliffe, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Draft, Size: 1 K, Date: 2000-8-6

    Rethinking Kelley's Essence of Objectivism
    Author: Dave Saum, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Size: 25 K, Date: 1999-7-1

    The Logic and Validity of Emotional Appeal in Classical Greek Rhetorical Theory
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Bachelor's Thesis, Size: 288 K, Date: 1999-5-1

    The Ontology of Causality in Aristotle
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Metaphysics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Course Essay, Size: 29 K, Date: 1999-5-1

    Aristotle on Substance
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Metaphysics, Type: Academic, Size: 19 K, Date: 1998-12-1

    Structure of The Defense
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Literary Analysis, Type: Academic, Size: 19 K, Date: 1998-12-1

    Identity and Universals: A Conceptualist Approach to Logical, Metaphysical, and Epistemological Problems of Contemporary Identity Theory
    Author: Carolyn Ray, Subject: Metaphysics, Type: Academic, Graduate, Ph.D. Thesis, Size: 396 K, Date: 1998-11-11

    Wittgenstein's Investigations (Section 79)
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Size: 23 K, Date: 1998-8-1

    What is a Language Game?
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 11 K, Date: 1998-8-1

    Wittgenstein's Investigations (Section 120)
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Size: 12 K, Date: 1998-8-1

    Complementarity: Content, Context and Critique
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Philosophy of Science, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 71 K, Date: 1997-12-1

    What Does Searle Say About Performatives?
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 8 K, Date: 1997-12-1

    Rethinking the Essence of Objectivism
    Author: Dave Saum, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Draft, Size: 25 K, Date: 1997-10-16

    Discourse on Metaphysics
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Metaphysics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 7 K, Date: 1997-5-1

    Lenin v Freud on War and Aggression
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Politics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 16 K, Date: 1997-5-1

    The Moral Worth of Happiness
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Ethics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 8 K, Date: 1997-4-22

    The Bias of Impartialism
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Ethics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 9 K, Date: 1997-4-04

    Barthes and Beauvoir on Stasis and History
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Philosophy of History, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 17 K, Date: 1997-4-1

    Kafka v Zamyatin on Oppression and Tyranny
    Author: Bryan Register, Subject: Politics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 16 K, Date: 1997-4-1

    Between Instinct and Habit: The Role of Dispositions in Moral Decision-Making
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Ethics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 114 K, Date: 1997-3-10

    Virtue as the Mean
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Ethics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 7 K, Date: 1997-2-21

    Instinct and Habit: Connections between Nietzschean and Aristotelian Acquired Dispositions
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Ethics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 16 K, Date: 1996-12-16

    The Analytic-Synthetic Distinction: A Critique And An Alternative Hypothesis
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 22 K, Date: 1996-5-9

    Putting the Sex Back into Gender: A Tentative Theory Of Femininity And Sexuality
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Feminism, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 21 K, Date: 1996-5-6

    Representationalism and Perceptual Error
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Epistemology, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 41 K, Date: 1995-5-12

    Can Kant's Ethics Survive His Metaphysics?
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Metaphysics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 16 K, Date: 1995-5-05

    Aristotle on Responsibility
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Ethics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 19 K, Date: 1995-5-1

    The Problem of Self-Referentiality in Marx's Historical Materialism
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Philosophy of History, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 9 K, Date: 1995-4-5

    Kant's Copernican Turn
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Metaphysics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 9 K, Date: 1995-2-8

    Affirmative Action and Sexual Favors
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Politics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 5 K, Date: 1994-12-16

    The Danger of Animal Rights
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Politics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 12 K, Date: 1994-12-6

    Is Altruism Benevolent?
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Ethics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 9 K, Date: 1994-12-5

    The Roots of Dictatorship and Freedom
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Politics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 10 K, Date: 1994-12-4

    Undermining Ethics through Duty
    Author: Diana Mertz Hsieh, Subject: Ethics, Type: Academic, Undergraduate, Size: 12 K, Date: 1994-11-11

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